Międzynarodowe testy języka angielskiego: japońskie paradoksy i kontrowersje
2019, 64, Numer 1
Adam Mickiewicz University
Data publikacji
Model publikowania
Rodzaj licencji
Dziedzina
Dyscyplina
Język publikacji
Pliki do pobrania
PDF 130 KB
Liczba wyświetleń:137
Liczba pobrań:24
Cytowania Crossref:0
Wynik Altmetric:0
Abstrakt
The aim of the article is to describe – on the example of teaching English – the reductionistic character of the testing phenomenon. Global international tests (TOEFL and TOEIC) provide excellent arguments to critics of the phenomenon of “testology”, related to reducing the school’s identity and student identity to results of test. An excellent example of this phenomenon is Japanese society. In Japan, where English is considered the cultural and professional capital of individuals, the paradoxes (and absurdities) of testing find their best exemplification. At the same time, the fact that English is completely different from Japanese results in contextualizing language tests in different, sometimes unexpected, cultural aspects of life. In addition, the controversy surrounding the testing of the English language proficiency in Japan is related to the discussion about cultural imperialism. All these issues will be analysed in the article, not only in the Japanese context but also in relation to whole “testing culture”.
Słowa kluczowe:
Bibliografia
Algeo J. 2001a. Externa l History, [w:] The Cambridge History of the English Language. English in North America, vol. 6, red. J. Algeo, Cambridge.
Algeo J. 2001b. Introduction, [w:] The Cambridge History of the English Language, vol. 6, red. J. Algeo, Cambridge.
Arudou D. 2010. Don’t Blame Jet for Japans Poor English, „The Japans Time Community”, http://www. japantimes.co.jp/community/2010/09/07/issues/dont–blame–jet–for–japans–poor–english/
Chapman M., Shiken: „JALT testing and Evaluation SIG Newsletter”, 2003 vol. 7. No 3, s. 2–7. http://hosted.jalt.org/test/cha_1.htm Clark U. 2007. Studying Language: English in Action, New York.
Davidson F. 1994. The Interlanguage metaphor and language assessment, „World Englishes”, vol. 13, nr 3.
Davies A., Hamp-Lyons L., Kemp Ch. 2003. Whose norms? International proficiency test in English, „World Englishes”, vol. 22, nr 4 Della Chiesa B., J. Scott, C. Hinton, Languages in a Global World: Learning for Better Cultural Understanding, OECD Publishing 2012, EIKEN http://www.eiken.or.jp/eiken/en/eiken–tests/overview/
https://doi.org/10.1787/9789264123557–en
Fox J.D.,Wesche M., Bayliss D. 2007. Language Testing Reconsidered, Les Presses de l’Université d’Ottawa. Ottawa.
Green A. 2016. Testing Four Skills in Japan. British Council New Directions in Language Assessment, „JASELE Journal Special Edition”, s. 135–144.
Harumi I. 2002. A New Framework of Culture Teaching for Teaching English as a Global Language, „RELC Journal”, vol 33. nr 2, December 2002, s. 55.
Hickey R. 2012. Standard English and Standards of English, Standard of English: Codified varieties around the world, s. 1, https://www.uni–due.de/~lan300/Standards_of_English_(Hickey).pdf
Karlsson H., Is the EIKEN Doing Japan’s English learners more harm than good?, „The Japan Times”, 8 June 2016. http://www.japantimes.co.jp/community/2016/06/08/issues/eiken–japans–english– learners–harm–good/
Kubota R. 2013. „Language is only a tool”: Japanese expatriates working in China and implications for language teaching, „Multilingual Education“, 3.1.
Kubota R. 2011. Questioning linguistic instrumentalism: English, neoliberalism, and language tests in Japan, „Linguistics and Education“, 22.
Kubota R. 1998. Ideologies of English in Japan, „World Englishes”, vol. 17., nr 3.
Locastro V. 1990. The English in Japanese university entrance examinations: a sociocultural analysis, „World Englishes”, vol. 9, nr 3.
McIntyre D. 2009. The Development of American English History of English, [w:] D. McIntyre, History of English, The Resource Book for Students Routledge, London.
McNamara T., C. Roever. 2006. Language Testing: The Social Dimension, Oxford.
Melosik Z. 2016. Kultura popularna i tożsamość młodzieży. W niewoli władzy i wolności, Wydawnictwo UAM, Poznań
Nakata Y. 2014. Why Can’t Japanese People Speak English?, 13 July, https://blog.gaijinpot.com/cant– japanese–people–speak–english/
Obaidul Hamid M. 2014. World Englishes in international proficiency tests, „World Englishes”, vol. 33, nr 2.
Paakki H. Difficulties in Speaking English and Perceptions of Accents a Comparative Study of Finnish and Japanese Adult Learners of English, http://epublications.uef.fi/pub/urn_nbn_fi_uef–20131057/ urn_nbn_fi_uef–20131057.pdf (otwarty 21.01.2019)
Report on Test Takers Worldwide: The TOEIC Listening and Reading Test. 2015. https://www. etsglobal.org/content/download/16378/276472/file/2015%20Report%20on%20Test%20Takers%20 Worldwide%20-The%20TOEIC%20Listening%20and%20Reading%20Test.pdf (otwarty 21.01.2019)
Roberts P., S. Canagarajah. 2009. Broadening the ELF Paradigm: Spoken English in an International Encounter, [w:] English as an International Language: Perspectives and Pedagogical Issues, red. Farzad Sharifi an, Bristol.
Romaine S. 2001. Contact with Other Languages, [w:] The Cambridge History of the English Language. English in North America, vol. 6, red. J. Algeo, Cambridge.
Sang Ah Jeon S. 2013. A Critical Analysis of the Mainstream Standard English Education: a Korean EFL Teacher’s View, „International Journal of Bilingual and Mulicultural Teachers of English“ , vol. 1, nr 1.
Santipolo M., On the Opposite Sides of the Continuum: Standard British English and Cockney. A Historical Outline of the Parallel Developments of the Two Varieties, „Studi Linguistici e Filologici Online”, Rivista Telematica del Dipartimento di Linguistica dell’Università di Pisa http://www.humnet. unipi.it/
Shibata A. 2011. Rethinking the Ownership of English as a Lingua Franca, 椙山女学園大学研究論集 第 42 号(人文科学篇 file:///Users/Ja/Downloads/%E4%BA%BA06SHIBATA.pdf
Scholefield W. 1997. An overview of the teaching and learning of English in Japan since 1945, „Babel“, vol. 32, nr 1, Apr/ June: s.16–21, s. 37–38, podaję za: Reesor M. 2003. Japanese attitudes to English: Towards an explanation of poor performance, „NUCB journal of language culture and communication“ 5.2 (2003), s. 57–65.
Spolsky B. 2007. On Second Thoughts, Language Testing Reconsidered, red. Janna Fox, M. Wesche, D. Bayliss, L. Cheng, C.E. Turner, Ch. Doe, Ottawa.
Spring J. 2014. Globalization of Education, An Introduction. Sociocultural, Political and Historical Studies in Education, Routledge, New York.
Templer B. High-Stakes Testing at High Fees: Notes and Queries on the International English Proficiency Assessment Market, http://www.jceps.com/wp–content/uploads/PDFs/02–1–07.pdf
Terasawa T. 2012. The“ English divide“ in Japan: A review of the empirical research and its implications, http://repository.dl.itc.u–tokyo.ac.jp/dspace/bitstream/2261/52662/1/lis01007.pdf
Tomlinson B. 2010. Which test of which English and why? [w:] The Routledge Handbook of World Englishes, red. A. Kirkpatrick, Routledge, London.
Inne artykuły z tego numeru
Spis treści/Contents
- personal knowledgetheory of learning – teachingschool educationtheory of teaching paradigm
Wiedza osobista uczniów jako punkt zwrotny w teorii i praktyce dydaktycznej
Dorota Klus-Stańska
- Pedagogy’s non-anthropocentric fundamentalseducational semiogenesis“symbolic effectiveness”“Imagined Other”
Uczyć się od... „wyimaginowanego Innego”
Alexander Połonnikow, Natalia Korczałowa
Podobne publikacje
13.12.2021
patriotismidentitydeathindividualcommunitymoral educationPatriotyzm, tożsamość i śmierć. Rozważania o egzystencji jednostki i wspólnoty politycznej
Jan Rutkowski
22.11.2016
education to disabilityintegrationidentitystigmatisationDisabled people and reconstruction of identity: inclusion or stigmatisation
Magda Lejzerowicz
11.11.2016
higher educationdoctoral studiesPhDcurriculum changesscholarshipsidentityTransmutacja i obraz studiów doktoranckich w Polsce
Ewelina Zubala
